Local media in Iran carried footage of an anti-ship missile being launched from one of the country’s domestically-produced Ghadir-class submarines on 24 February. It was part of the Velayat-97 exercise, the biggest annual exercise held by the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy (Nedaja) which, as usual, was held in the Straits of Hormuz and Sea of Oman. It was said to be the first successful underwater launch of a cruise missile from an Iranian submarine – previous attempts in February 2015 and May 2017 seemingly ended in failure.
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